Original Article Summary

View CSAF Summary Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could allow an attacker to gain unauthorized administrative access, disclose sensitive information, modify device configuration, hijack authenticated sessions, and disrupt device operation. The following versions of Ebyte NE2-D11 are affected: NE2-D11 Firmware FW-9167-0-11 CVSS Vendor Equipment Vulnerabilities v3 9.8 Ebyte Ebyte NE2-D11 Missing Authentication for Critical Function, Cleartext Transmission of Sensitive Information, Insufficiently Protected Credentials, Use of Client-Side Authentication, Use of GET Request Method With Sensitive Query Strings, Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF), Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts, Improper Restriction of Rendered UI Layers or Frames, Missing Authorization Background Critical Infrastructure Sectors: Critical Manufacturing, Energy Countries/Areas Deployed: Worldwide Company Headquarters Location: China Vulnerabilities Expand All + CVE-2026-73125 Ebyte device web management interface does not consistently enforce authentication before granting access to administrative functionality. An unauthenticated remote attacker could access sensitive configuration information, modify device settings, or disrupt availability. View CVE Details Affected Products Ebyte NE2-D11 Vendor: Ebyte Product Version: Ebyte NE2-D11 Firmware: FW-9167-0-11 Product Status: known_affected Remediations Mitigation Ebyte acknowledged receipt of the reported vulnerabilities and indicated that a patch was under development. However, the vendor has not responded to subsequent requests for coordination, and CISA has not been informed of the status or availability of the patch. Users are encouraged to reach out to Ebyte for more information. Relevant CWE: CWE-306 Missing Authentication for Critical Function Metrics CVSS Version Base Score Base Severity Vector String 3.1 9.8 CRITICAL CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H 4.0 9.3 CRITICAL CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N CVE-2026-73809 A cleartext transmission of sensitive information vulnerability exists in certain Ebyte gateway products. The web management interface does not adequately protect sensitive communications using transport-layer encryption. An attacker with access to network traffic could intercept authentication or session-related information transmitted between a user and the affected device. Successful exploitation could result in disclosure of sensitive information and unauthorized access to device management functionality. View CVE Details Affected Products Ebyte NE2-D11 Vendor: Ebyte Product Version: Ebyte NE2-D11 Firmware: FW-9167-0-11 Product Status: known_affected Remediations Mitigation Ebyte acknowledged receipt of the reported vulnerabilities and indicated that a patch was under development. However, the vendor has not responded to subsequent requests for coordination, and CISA has not been informed of the status or availability of the patch. Users are encouraged to reach out to Ebyte for more information. Relevant CWE: CWE-319 Cleartext Transmission of Sensitive Information Metrics CVSS Version Base Score Base Severity Vector String 3.1 7.5 HIGH CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N 4.0 8.7 HIGH CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N CVE-2026-73839 Administrative credentials may be exposed in plaintext within the Ebyte device's management interface, increasing the risk of credential compromise through visual or remote observation. This undermines the confidentiality of device access. View CVE Details Affected Products Ebyte NE2-D11 Vendor: Ebyte Product Version: Ebyte NE2-D11 Firmware: FW-9167-0-11 Product Status: known_affected Remediations Mitigation Ebyte acknowledged receipt of the reported vulnerabilities and indicated that a patch was under development. However, the vendor has not responded to subsequent requests for coordination, and CISA has not been informed of the status or availability of the patch. Users are encouraged to reach out to Ebyte for more information. Relevant CWE: CWE-522 Insufficiently Protected Credentials Metrics CVSS Version Base Score Base Severity Vector String 3.1 4.6 MEDIUM CVSS:3.1/AV:P/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N 4.0 5.1 MEDIUM CVSS:4.0/AV:P/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N CVE-2026-71187 Ebyte device relies on client side authentication logic that can be reproduced by unauthenticated users. An attacker may generate valid authentication requests and bypass authentication to obtain administrative access to the device. View CVE Details Affected Products Ebyte NE2-D11 Vendor: Ebyte Product Version: Ebyte NE2-D11 Firmware: FW-9167-0-11 Product Status: known_affected Remediations Mitigation Ebyte acknowledged receipt of the reported vulnerabilities and indicated that a patch was under development. However, the vendor has not responded to subsequent requests for coordination, and CISA has not been informed of the status or availability of the patch. Users are encouraged to reach out to Ebyte for more information. Relevant CWE: CWE-603 Use of Client-Side Authentication Metrics CVSS Version Base Score Base Severity Vector String 3.1 9.8 CRITICAL CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H 4.0 9.3 CRITICAL CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N CVE-2026-76179 An improper protection of authentication tokens vulnerability exists in certain Ebyte gateway products. Authentication tokens used by the web management interface are insufficiently protected during client-side session handling, which may allow an attacker with access to exposed session information to obtain and reuse a valid token. Successful exploitation could allow an attacker to impersonate an authenticated user and gain unauthorized access to device management functionality. View CVE Details Affected Products Ebyte NE2-D11 Vendor: Ebyte Product Version: Ebyte NE2-D11 Firmware: FW-9167-0-11 Product Status: known_affected Remediations Mitigation Ebyte acknowledged receipt of the reported vulnerabilities and indicated that a patch was under development. However, the vendor has not responded to subsequent requests for coordination, and CISA has not been informed of the status or availability of the patch. Users are encouraged to reach out to Ebyte for more information. Relevant CWE: CWE-598 Use of GET Request Method With Sensitive Query Strings Metrics CVSS Version Base Score Base Severity Vector String 3.1 9.8 CRITICAL CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H 4.0 9.3 CRITICAL CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N CVE-2026-75814 Ebyte device does not adequately verify the origin or authenticity of requests submitted to the web management interface. An unauthenticated remote attacker could persuade an authenticated administrator to visit a crafted page, causing unauthorized configuration changes or a disruption of device availability. View CVE Details Affected Products Ebyte NE2-D11 Vendor: Ebyte Product Version: Ebyte NE2-D11 Firmware: FW-9167-0-11 Product Status: known_affected Remediations Mitigation Ebyte acknowledged receipt of the reported vulnerabilities and indicated that a patch was under development. However, the vendor has not responded to subsequent requests for coordination, and CISA has not been informed of the status or availability of the patch. Users are encouraged to reach out to Ebyte for more information. Relevant CWE: CWE-352 Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) Metrics CVSS Version Base Score Base Severity Vector String 3.1 8.8 HIGH CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H 4.0 8.6 HIGH CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:A/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N CVE-2026-76940 The affected Ebyte device does not restrict repeated authentication attempts through rate limiting or account lockout mechanisms. This could allow an attacker to perform automated authentication attacks against deployments that rely on password based authentication. View CVE Details Affected Products Ebyte NE2-D11 Vendor: Ebyte Product Version: Ebyte NE2-D11 Firmware: FW-9167-0-11 Product Status: known_affected Remediations Mitigation Ebyte acknowledged receipt of the reported vulnerabilities and indicated that a patch was under development. However, the vendor has not responded to subsequent requests for coordination, and CISA has not been informed of the status or availability of the patch. Users are encouraged to reach out to Ebyte for more information. Relevant CWE: CWE-307 Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts Metrics CVSS Version Base Score Base Severity Vector String 3.1 7.5 HIGH CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N 4.0 8.7 HIGH CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N CVE-2026-75548 The affected Ebyte device web management interface does not restrict the interface from being rendered within an external frame. An unauthenticated remote attacker could use a crafted webpage to mislead an authenticated administrator into initiating unintended configuration changes or disruptive actions. View CVE Details Affected Products Ebyte NE2-D11 Vendor: Ebyte Product Version: Ebyte NE2-D11 Firmware: FW-9167-0-11 Product Status: known_affected Remediations Mitigation Ebyte acknowledged receipt of the reported vulnerabilities and indicated that a patch was under development. However, the vendor has not responded to subsequent requests for coordination, and CISA has not been informed of the status or availability of the patch. Users are encouraged to reach out to Ebyte for more information. Relevant CWE: CWE-1021 Improper Restriction of Rendered UI Layers or Frames Metrics CVSS Version Base Score Base Severity Vector String 3.1 5.4 MEDIUM CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N 4.0 5.3 MEDIUM CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N CVE-2026-75813 Certain configuration endpoints may lack proper server-side authorization checks, allowing unauthorized users to access or modify sensitive device settings. This could result in full compromise of device functionality. View CVE Details Affected Products Ebyte NE2-D11 Vendor: Ebyte Product Version: Ebyte NE2-D11 Firmware: FW-9167-0-11 Product Status: known_affected Remediations Mitigation Ebyte acknowledged receipt of the reported vulnerabilities and indicated that a patch was under development. However, the vendor has not responded to subsequent requests for coordination, and CISA has not been informed of the status or availability of the patch. Users are encouraged to reach out to Ebyte for more information. Relevant CWE: CWE-862 Missing Authorization Metrics CVSS Version Base Score Base Severity Vector String 3.1 7.5 HIGH CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:N 4.0 8.7 HIGH CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:H/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N CVE-2026-76945 The affected Ebyte device relies on client-managed authentication tokens without sufficient server-side validation. An attacker may replay or manipulate authentication tokens to gain unauthorized access to administrative functionality. View CVE Details Affected Products Ebyte NE2-D11 Vendor: Ebyte Product Version: Ebyte NE2-D11 Firmware: FW-9167-0-11 Product Status: known_affected Remediations Mitigation Ebyte acknowledged receipt of the reported vulnerabilities and indicated that a patch was under development. However, the vendor has not responded to subsequent requests for coordination, and CISA has not been informed of the status or availability of the patch. Users are encouraged to reach out to Ebyte for more information. Relevant CWE: CWE-603 Use of Client-Side Authentication Metrics CVSS Version Base Score Base Severity Vector String 3.1 7.5 HIGH CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N 4.0 8.7 HIGH CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N CVE-2026-69658 MQTT credentials and control traffic are transmitted in cleartext, exposing sensitive information to network-level attackers. This may enable unauthorized device impersonation and disruption of messaging functions. View CVE Details Affected Products Ebyte NE2-D11 Vendor: Ebyte Product Version: Ebyte NE2-D11 Firmware: FW-9167-0-11 Product Status: known_affected Remediations Mitigation Ebyte acknowledged receipt of the reported vulnerabilities and indicated that a patch was under development. However, the vendor has not responded to subsequent requests for coordination, and CISA has not been informed of the status or availability of the patch. Users are encouraged to reach out to Ebyte for more information. Relevant CWE: CWE-319 Cleartext Transmission of Sensitive Information Metrics CVSS Version Base Score Base Severity Vector String 3.1 9.8 CRITICAL CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H 4.0 9.3 CRITICAL CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N Acknowledgments Jithin Nambiar reported these vulnerabilities to CISA Legal Notice and Terms of Use This product is provided subject to this Notification (https://www.cisa.gov/notification) and this Privacy & Use policy (https://www.cisa.gov/privacy-policy). Recommended Practices CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities. Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the internet. Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks. When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as the connected devices. CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures. CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies. CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets. Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies. Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents. CISA also recommends users take the following measures to protect themselves from social engineering attacks: Do not click web links or open attachments in unsolicited email messages. Refer to Recognizing and Avoiding Email Scams for more information on avoiding email scams. Refer to Avoiding Social Engineering and Phishing Attacks for more information on social engineering attacks. No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time. Revision History Initial Release Date: 2026-08-25 Date Revision Summary 2026-08-25 1 Initial Publication Legal Notice and Terms of Use