Original Article Summary

View CSAF Summary Successful exploitation of these vulnerabilities could enable attackers to gain unauthorized administrative control over vulnerable charging stations or disrupt charging services through denial-of-service attacks. The following versions of Monta monta.app are affected: monta.app vers:all/* (CVE-2026-95102, CVE-2026-97363, CVE-2026-97212, CVE-2026-93474) CVSS Vendor Equipment Vulnerabilities v3 9.4 Monta Monta monta.app Missing Authentication for Critical Function, Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts, Insufficient Session Expiration, Insufficiently Protected Credentials Background Critical Infrastructure Sectors: Energy, Transportation Systems Countries/Areas Deployed: Worldwide Company Headquarters Location: Netherlands Vulnerabilities Expand All + CVE-2026-95102 WebSocket endpoints lack proper authentication mechanisms, enabling attackers to impersonate charging stations. As a result, attackers can exploit this weakness to gain unauthorized access to sensitive data or perform unauthorized actions. Given that no authentication is required, this can lead to privilege escalation and potentially compromise the security of the entire system. View CVE Details Affected Products Monta monta.app Vendor: Monta Product Version: Monta monta.app: vers:all/* Product Status: known_affected Remediations Mitigation Monta states that they are actively working to increase adoption of authenticated connections across their network and to deprecate unauthenticated access on a rolling basis. Monta states that they provide support for OCPP 1.6 Security Profile 2 (HTTP Basic Auth with TLS) and encourage operators to enable it. Mitigation Monta states that they have implemented rate limiting and automated connection throttling at the WebSocket layer. Connections exhibiting abusive patterns, including rapid reconnection, ID brute-forcing behavior, or excessive command volume, are automatically identified and blocked. Mitigation Monta states that their platform handles duplicate connection attempts per the OCPP specification, where a new authenticated connection supersedes an existing session for the same station ID. Relevant CWE: CWE-306 Missing Authentication for Critical Function Metrics CVSS Version Base Score Base Severity Vector String 3.1 9.4 CRITICAL CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:L 4.0 9.3 CRITICAL https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/4-0#CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N CVE-2026-97363 The WebSocket Application Programming Interface lacks restrictions on the number of authentication requests. This absence of rate limiting may allow an attacker to conduct denial-of-service attacks or brute-force attacks to gain unauthorized access. View CVE Details Affected Products Monta monta.app Vendor: Monta Product Version: Monta monta.app: vers:all/* Product Status: known_affected Remediations Mitigation Monta states that they are actively working to increase adoption of authenticated connections across their network and to deprecate unauthenticated access on a rolling basis. Monta states that they provide support for OCPP 1.6 Security Profile 2 (HTTP Basic Auth with TLS) and encourage operators to enable it. Mitigation Monta states that they have implemented rate limiting and automated connection throttling at the WebSocket layer. Connections exhibiting abusive patterns, including rapid reconnection, ID brute-forcing behavior, or excessive command volume, are automatically identified and blocked. Mitigation Monta states that their platform handles duplicate connection attempts per the OCPP specification, where a new authenticated connection supersedes an existing session for the same station ID. Relevant CWE: CWE-307 Improper Restriction of Excessive Authentication Attempts Metrics CVSS Version Base Score Base Severity Vector String 3.1 7.5 HIGH CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H 4.0 8.7 HIGH https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/4-0#CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N CVE-2026-97212 The WebSocket backend uses charging station identifiers to uniquely associate sessions but allows multiple endpoints to connect using the same session identifier. This implementation results in predictable session identifiers. This vulnerability may allow unauthorized users to authenticate as other users or enable a malicious actor to cause a denial-of-service condition by overwhelming the backend with valid session requests. View CVE Details Affected Products Monta monta.app Vendor: Monta Product Version: Monta monta.app: vers:all/* Product Status: known_affected Remediations Mitigation Monta states that they are actively working to increase adoption of authenticated connections across their network and to deprecate unauthenticated access on a rolling basis. Monta states that they provide support for OCPP 1.6 Security Profile 2 (HTTP Basic Auth with TLS) and encourage operators to enable it. Mitigation Monta states that they have implemented rate limiting and automated connection throttling at the WebSocket layer. Connections exhibiting abusive patterns, including rapid reconnection, ID brute-forcing behavior, or excessive command volume, are automatically identified and blocked. Mitigation Monta states that their platform handles duplicate connection attempts per the OCPP specification, where a new authenticated connection supersedes an existing session for the same station ID. Relevant CWE: CWE-613 Insufficient Session Expiration Metrics CVSS Version Base Score Base Severity Vector String 3.1 7.3 HIGH CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L 4.0 6.9 MEDIUM https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/4-0#CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:L/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N CVE-2026-93474 Charging station authentication identifiers are publicly accessible via web-based mapping platforms. View CVE Details Affected Products Monta monta.app Vendor: Monta Product Version: Monta monta.app: vers:all/* Product Status: known_affected Remediations Mitigation Monta states that they are actively working to increase adoption of authenticated connections across their network and to deprecate unauthenticated access on a rolling basis. Monta states that they provide support for OCPP 1.6 Security Profile 2 (HTTP Basic Auth with TLS) and encourage operators to enable it. Mitigation Monta states that they have implemented rate limiting and automated connection throttling at the WebSocket layer. Connections exhibiting abusive patterns, including rapid reconnection, ID brute-forcing behavior, or excessive command volume, are automatically identified and blocked. Mitigation Monta states that their platform handles duplicate connection attempts per the OCPP specification, where a new authenticated connection supersedes an existing session for the same station ID. Relevant CWE: CWE-522 Insufficiently Protected Credentials Metrics CVSS Version Base Score Base Severity Vector String 3.1 6.5 MEDIUM CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N 4.0 6.9 MEDIUM https://www.first.org/cvss/calculator/4-0#CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N Acknowledgments An anonymous researcher reported these vulnerabilities to CISA. Legal Notice and Terms of Use This product is provided subject to this Notification (https://www.cisa.gov/notification) and this Privacy & Use policy (https://www.cisa.gov/privacy-policy). Recommended Practices CISA recommends users take defensive measures to minimize the risk of exploitation of these vulnerabilities. Minimize network exposure for all control system devices and/or systems, ensuring they are not accessible from the Internet. Locate control system networks and remote devices behind firewalls and isolating them from business networks. When remote access is required, use more secure methods, such as Virtual Private Networks (VPNs), recognizing VPNs may have vulnerabilities and should be updated to the most current version available. Also recognize VPN is only as secure as the connected devices. CISA reminds organizations to perform proper impact analysis and risk assessment prior to deploying defensive measures. CISA also provides a section for control systems security recommended practices on the ICS webpage on cisa.gov/ics. Several CISA products detailing cyber defense best practices are available for reading and download, including Improving Industrial Control Systems Cybersecurity with Defense-in-Depth Strategies. CISA encourages organizations to implement recommended cybersecurity strategies for proactive defense of ICS assets. Additional mitigation guidance and recommended practices are publicly available on the ICS webpage at cisa.gov/ics in the technical information paper, ICS-TIP-12-146-01B--Targeted Cyber Intrusion Detection and Mitigation Strategies. Organizations observing suspected malicious activity should follow established internal procedures and report findings to CISA for tracking and correlation against other incidents. No known public exploitation specifically targeting these vulnerabilities has been reported to CISA at this time. Revision History Initial Release Date: 2026-10-01 Date Revision Summary 2026-10-01 1 Initial Publication Legal Notice and Terms of Use